Pump piston-packing.



No. 875,095. A MT1-:MBD Dm s1,- 19o?. l. J.. MGGEB.

PUMP PISTNv PACKING. APPLICATION yILBD BEM-.16, 1901.

clear, and exact description.

l loss of power.

NNrrnn sternsrnrnNr cierren. i

JOHN J. MCGEE, OF NEW YORK, N: Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ANTHONY F. S. GEOGHEGAN,

or NEW YORK, N. Y.

PUMP ISTON-PACKING.

of New York, in the borough of Brooklyn and State of New ,'York, have inventedv certain new and useful Im rovenients in Pump Piston-Packing, of which the following is a full,

My invention relates to a construction of piston ring or packing, particularly for use in vpumps and similar apparatus for fluids and liqui s, although the invention is of course not limited to this iield of use, being applicable to steam` cylinders and other relations.

Great attention has not been given to the piston packing of pum s for water or liquids,

because the volume o liquid which escapes past a poorly fitting packin ring is greatly less than that of gaseous su stances. Nevertheless it is important to have properly tight pistons in order to avoid considerable It is alsoiniportant to take up or compensate for the wear of the piston rings. The wear of a piston ring' occurs at p its periphery or circumferential surface Where 1t contacts with the cylinder Wall, and also at both of its flat end faces. The latter wear is due to the knockingback and forth of the ring in its groove by reason of any slight inaccuracy of fit therein. Itis evident that in ,an ordinary packing ring, the amountof this wear-'grows greater and greater, since as the ring wears, it rows looser, and a's it becomes looser, it knoe s back and forth in its groovey In carryingwith greater force and impact.

- out the present invention, I correct this tenden'cy and so construct and arrange the lpiston ring that it fits very ti htly in its groove in a lateral direction at alI times. This accuracy of lateral'it not only prevents wear for the reason above explained, but also pre.-

vents gases or fluid leaking downthe side ed es of the ring and underneath the saine. here is a still further and very important characteristic obtained-by my prcsentlinven-V tion which may be briefly stated as follows: The outward pressure of the packing ring against lthe cylinderl walll is produced by an equal to the force of its resiliency, but any tendency to contract the ring (produced for example by the incipient escape of iiuid between the ring and the cylinder wall) is resisted not only, by the resiliency of the packing ring, but by an additional binding force Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed September 16' 1907. Serial No. 892,974.

Patented Dec. 3 1 1907.

produced in a manner which will laterbe more fully explained. On account of this characa teristic a defect of ordinary packing rings, namely of contracting to allow an escape of fluid in case a small leak is initially estab lished by reason of the peripheral fluid pres* sure which is thereby applied to thering, is thus wholly overcome by the present invention. l

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of a piston having; packing rings embodying the principles of my invention; Fig. 2 is a side view of one of the com` grooves 2 are ofthe ordinary rectangular section, and it will be noted that on this account the pistons fof ordinary pumps Vand motors now in useare adapted to receive the present forni of packing ring Without any change or alteration whatever. I regard this as an ina-l portant feature of my present invention.

3 designates the main packing ring which has a periphery or circumferential surface i, adapted to engage the wall of the cylinder in which the piston moves'. f- The ring 3 has one fiat side Wall or face 5, in a plane normalto they axis of the piston so as to fit closely against the adjacent face of the groove 2.

The side of the packing ring' opposite tothe face 5 has an annular recess of Wshaped.

transverse section. One wall 6 of this U-shaped recess is made 'a cylindrical surface coaXial with the peripheral surface 4f. The other Wall 7 of this ii-recess is made a con'- ica-l surface, converging in lthe direction of the opposite side of face 5 of the packing ring.

The continuity of the inner surface of wall 6 of the V-shaped recess above described is interrupted` at intervals by depressions or cavities 8, of which in practice, ll provide three or more spaced apart at equal angular distances around the piston ring. In Fig'. 2, three of these depressions orv cavities are illus trated and each of an angular extent of 60o,

which leaves the intervening undepressed portions of the surface 6 also of '760 angular extent. 49 indicates what `I shall term the supplemental packing ring, which has a perip eral surfaceIO, generally corresponding to the surface 4 of the main packing ring, and

a Vflat end face 11, normal to the axis'of the ring. The'two remaining surfaces or faces of the supplemental packing ring 9 respectively `correspond to and fit exactly against the surfaces 6 and 7 of'the V-shaped recess in the main packing ring 3 already described. When the supplemental packing ring 9 is assembled-withthe main packing ring 3, a sinle composite ring of substantially' rectanguar-sectlo'n produced, except thatthere remain the spaced cavities 8, open at one end A0 1' face of the completed or composite pack- 'ingrin.

In these cavities thus produced, I

l -jplacet e' sinuous blade springs 12, which ave 'an expansive resiliency in their cavities so that the supplemental ring 9 is impelled outward with res ect to the main ring 3.v l Each' of the pac g ringshas a joint therein, andv which may be made in any convenf' .mannerfully describe ient. or approved manner.` VI prefer to form lthe joint ofthe main acking ring 3 in the d and claimed in my 'companion application, Serial No. 391,419, and illustrated in Figs. 3 and 3a of the present case.` The essential characteristic of this joint is theprovision 'of a surface 13, parallel Ato the face 5, and separated therefrom by a .'less distance than the thickness of the packl ing ring, together-with a. cylindrical surface 14, which is coaxial with the surface 4 and yond the en separated therefrom a less distance than the depth of the acking ring, and projecting bed) of the surface 13. The other end of the ac '-ring, shown in Fig. 3a', is

to t the-end shown in Fig. 3 in all` respects. This joint is preferably made at a .portion of themain packing ring not opposite or' adjacent to a depression or cut-away section 8, so as to have the maximum amount o'f material -avail/able forjthe joints, etc. The joint infi'the supplemental ring 9 is 'indicated'at 15, and may be of the ordinary .under and over or any Qther sort, the

accuracy of the `fit in this ring being of less importance than that in the main packing r 3. uili operation, the parts being assembled in Vthe mannerrillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the -main ring 3 is im elled outward to closely fit the bore of the'cy nder by its own resiliency,

tight. The supplemental Vpac .in which relation itis normall gas or fluid- 'ng rin 9 is f also impelled 'outward by lts own resi iency 'and additionally by the Vresiliency of the springs 12. -It isevident that thev stiffness o the main vpacking ring is very -much greater than .that of the supplementalpacking ring'on account of its greater size and depth, so that the springs 12-do1not cause any substantial loss in the outward spring pressure of the main ring;` The supplemental ring 9 acting against the conical surface 7 is impelled laterally by the above described spring pressure applied to it, so that the comp ete or composite packing ring virtually exands laterally 1n its containing groove and binds tightly against both walls thereof. In this Way the ring is made absolutely gas or` i fluid-tight -on both of its;l wall engaging faces,

also preventing Wear in the manner already described. Alsoit will b'e observed that while the main packing ring 3 bears outward against the cylinder Wall with substantially only the force of its own resiliency, that it' exerts a much greater force to resist any tendency to contract it. For example, should the escape of gas or fluid have a tendency to contract the ring 3 against its rel siliency, this contraction) would necessitate 1. A packing for pistons comprising, a

main'ringl having a conical wall, and a supplemental ring fitting thereagainst, and springs intermediate the rings whereby said conical Wall exerts a wedging action to spread the rings laterally.

2. A compositel ring Vhaving a generally rectangular transverse section and com osed of two separate parts each With a conica face fitting against the other, andinterme'diate springs to spread the parts laterally bythe wedgmg action of thevconical faces.

3. A packing for pistons comprising a.

main ring having a V-shaped recess with a Y conical wall, said recess aving depressed portions, a supplemental ring fitting in said recess and ybearing against said rconical Wall,l and springs in said depressed portions of the recess and bearing against both rings Wherebv said conical Wall exerts a `wedging action tospreadthe rings laterally.

4. A composite ring'having a'rectangular transverse section and. composed.- of two separate parts each with a conical vface fitting. 4

against the other, one of.' said parts having depressed portions, and. springs located in said depressed portions and operating to spread the respective wedging action of the conical faces.

5. A acking for pistons comprising a main ring having a V-shap'd recess Withone conical wall and one cylindrical wall co-axial with the exteriprsurface of the ring, and a supplemental rmg fitting in said recess and engagmgboth ofsaid walls, said cylindrical parts laterally by the wall having s aceddepressed portions, and springs in sai depressed portions and bearing against both rings whereby said conical wall exerts a wedging action vto spread the wings laterally. v

6. A packing lfor pistons com rising a main ring having a conical wall an having a single joint with a flat face parallel to an end face of the ring and having a cylindrical sulface co-axial with the axis of the ring and extending beyond said flat face', and a supplemental ring fitting against said conical wall, said supplemental ring having an unf der and over lap, and springs intermediate caracas landa cylindrical wally with depressed the rings whereby said conical Wall exerts a y wedging action to spread the rings laterally.

8. A packing for pistons comprising. a main ring having a conical wall, a supplementalv ring fitting thereagainst, and sinuous blade springs disposed intermediate the rings, whereby said conical wall exerts a' wedging action to spread the rings laterally..

9. A packing lfor pistons comprising a main ring having a recess with a conical wall ortions, a supplemental ring fitting in sai recess and engaging said conical and said cylinydrical walls, andys'inuous blade springs in said depressions and bearing against both rings,

whereby said conical walls exert a wedging action to spread the rings laterally.

In witness whereof, I subscribe my signal ture,v in the presenceof two witnesses.

JOHN J. MCGEE.

Witnesses:

`VVALDO M. CHAPIN, JAMES DANTONIO. 

